Somatosensory evoked potentials and dynamic postural assessment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Abstract

Background Dysfunction of the somatosensory pathways may cause an impaired postural balance when the somatosensory system is challenged, and this impaired balance may play a role in the etiology or development of scoliosis. Angle of scoliosis may affect the somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and dynamic balance control. Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate possible abnormalities and correlations in SSEPs and dynamic posturography in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 14 adolescents ranging in age from 10 to 16 years with AIS. Both sexes were included. Measurement of Cobb's angle, SSEPs of both posterior tibial nerves with cortical recording, dynamic postural assessment including sensory organization test, and motor control test were performed. Results There was a highly significant positive correlation between the angle of scoliosis and right and left SSEP. There was a highly significant negative correlation between the angle of scoliosis and equilibrium score-composite and ratio for sensory analysis-vestibular, and significant negative correlation with motor control-composite. There was a highly significant negative correlation between right SSEP and balance parameters. There was significant negative correlation between left SSEP and equilibrium score-composite and ratio for sensory analysis-vestibular. Conclusion The study demonstrates abnormal somatosensory and postural function in patients with AIS, and a significant inter-relationship between the scoliotic angle, the somatosensory system, and posture. Thus, optimum assessment and treatment of neurological pathway and balance are important in these patients.