Dose-Dependent Effect of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) and Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare M.) on Lead Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Abstract

Nephrotoxicity is a complication due to the effect of some toxic chemicals on kidneys. Current study planned to screen the effect of coriander and fennel aqueous seeds extracts on lead-induced nephrotoxicity. Seventy-two adult male rats were equally divided to 6 groups: group (1) normal control, group (2) lead-toxicated rats were received 50 mg/kg b.wt of lead acetate by gastric tube daily, groups (3-6) were lead-toxicated and administered aqueous seeds extracts of coriander (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight/day) and fennel (100 and 150 mg/kg body weight/day), respectively. Lead-induced renal damage was evidenced by a significant elevation of serum and renal lead with reduction of serum delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase activity. Renal dysfunction was diagnosed by a significant elevation of kidney function tests accompanied with reduction in creatinine clearance. Results evidenced a significant increase of serum sodium and potassium concentrations and their depletion in urine. Renal oxidant-antioxidant balance was disturbed which evidenced by significant increase in renal malondialdehyde and nitric oxide and significant decrease in renal reduced glutathione, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase activity. Treatment with coriander and fennel seeds extracts exerted a significant improvement of most of the biochemical parameters compared to lead group. Keywords: lead; nephrotoxicity; coriander; fennel; rats.